Lucas Gloege¹, Galen A McKinley², Peter Landschutzer³, Nicole S Lovenduski⁴, Keith B Rodgers⁵, Amanda R Fay¹, Thomas L Froelicher⁶, John C Fyfe⁷, Tatiana Ilyina³, Steve Jones⁸, Christian Rödenbeck⁹, Sarah Schlunegger¹⁰ and Yohei Takano³, (1)Lamont -Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States, (2)Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States, (3)Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany, (4)University of Colorado, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Boulder, CO, United States, (5)IBS Center for Climate Physics, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea, (6)Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ, United States, (7)Environment Canada, Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis, Victoria, BC, Canada, (8)University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute, Bergen, Norway, (9)Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany, (10)Princeton University, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton, NJ, United States