Brendan R Carter, University of Washington Seattle, Seattle, United States, Xinyu Li, University of Washington, Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean, and Ecosystem Studies, Seattle, United States, Richard A Feely, NOAA PMEL, Seattle, United States, Daniel Sandborn, University of Washington, School of Oceanography, Seattle, United States, Mark J Warner, Univ Washington, School of Oceanography, Seattle, United States and Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP) Team