During the early-to-mid-20th century, African American journalists and institutions in North Carolina challenged white supremacy using a variety of tactics. This panel session brings together biographical examinations of two acclaimed black North Carolina journalists, a renowned and prominent black basketball coach, and a scholarly examination of Historically Black Colleges and Universities. All collectively played key roles in North Carolina’s long black freedom struggle.

Dr. Jerry Gershenhorn presentation will focus on journalist Louis Austin, editor-publisher of the Carolina Times, and his documented promotion of civil rights for African Americans, while challenging white supremacy and Jim Crow.

Dr. Glen Anthony Harris’s presentation will focus on photojournalist and public relations director Alexander McAllister Rivera Jr. and his affiliation with the Washington Tribune, the Norfolk Journal and Guide, and the Pittsburgh Courier.

Dr. Jasmin C. Howard presentation will focus on the social justice activism at North Carolina’s HBCUs.

Dr. Raja Malikah Rahim presentation will focus on basketball coach John B. McLendon and origins fast break basketball at North Carolina College for Negroes (Now North Carolina Central University).