This area is focused on the application of basic knowledge in solid processing and unit operations. In order to design a unit operation or a solid processing, the basic physics of how particles behave and flow in a changing environment or how the particles state and properties are changing during the process and how one should characterize them, has to be known. Unlike fluids or gases, the state of particulate materials is not sufficient to define their properties. Therefore, the designer has to be aware of the processing path and steps or the particle “history” in order to develop a unit operation to fit into the production line. This area is concentrated on the engineering chain of development from basic research to final application where the linkage to previous or post parts of the chain are clear. Additional challenge to this area would be examination of a series of units keeping in mind that an optimum manufacturing line is not necessarily assembled from optimum single units.