P0005
Identification and Functional Characterization of Long Non-Coding RNAs Expressed in Response to Nitrogen Starvation in Nannochloropsis oceanica

Yuhong Liu , College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
Lan Wang , College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
Hongye Li , College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
Dawei Li , College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
Nannochloropsis oceanica is a unicellular marine microalga species that accumulates large amount of triacylglycerols (TAG) as storage lipids under nitrogen starvation. Considering the limited understanding of TAG  accumulation mechanism and the practical demand of improving TAG productivity. We profiled the transcriptome of Nannochloropsis oceanica CCMP1779 under nitrogen-replete and nitrogen depleted growth conditions to reveal the mechanisms of carbon flux into lipids regulated by nitrogen stress. A dramatic increase by 2-fold in neutral lipids was observed after N deprivation. The RNAseq data showed an elevated expression of 3777 genes at an FDR of 0.005. Specifically, genes involved in nitrogen assimilation, carbon fixation, TCA cycle, glycolysis, glycerolipid metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway and a majority of vitamin biosynthesis pathways were up-regulated,  whereas genes involved in photosynthesis, starch producing, de novo synthesis of fatty acids were inhibited. Total 55 lncRNAs were identified that were specifically regulated during the process. Some of them were predicted to play important roles in regulating the putative essential genes in lipid metabolism. The results presented the first annotation and functional prediction of lncRNAs in Nannochloropsis which established the possibility of further research on gene regulation and revealed the adaptive response to changing environmental nitrogen, suggesting  that the accumulation of lipids is a joint consequence of remodeling of intermediate metabolism, and the reallocation of carbon and reductant. Our work provides new possibilities for understanding the regulatory mechanism of stress response and for the genetic construction of high-yield producer for biodiesel.