DArT/DArTseq Based Genetic Maps for Identification of Genomic Regions Controlling Oil Content, Fatty Acids and Fresh Seed Dormancy in Peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)

Development of dense genetic maps in peanut has been a major problem due to low polymorphism shown by the first generation molecular markers such as random amplified polymorphic DNA and simple sequence repeats. The oil content, different fatty acids and fresh seed dormancy are the major quality traits in peanut preferred by both consumers and traders. In this context, the Diversity Array Technology (DArT) and DArTseq genotyping platform was used to genotype 184 F₂ individuals from three mapping populations. These mapping populations segregated for oil content (ICGV 07368 × ICGV 06420), different fatty acids (ICGV 06420 × SunOleic 95R) and fresh seed dormancy (ICGV 00350 × ICGV 97045). Three individual genetic maps for oil content, fatty acids and fresh seed dormancy were constructed with 854, 1452 and 1152 marker loci covering the total map distance of 3,524, 2,423 and 1,833 cM, respectively. The highest map density could be achieved for the genetic map constructed for fresh seed dormancy (1.3 cM/loci) followed by other fatty acids (3.0 cM/loci) and oil content (4.1 cM/loci). Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis by using above mentioned genotyping and phenotyping data is expected to identify QTLs for oil content, different fatty acids and fresh seed dormancy. Major QTLs, if any, after validation on different germplasm sets may be used as candidate QTLs for molecular breeding for developing peanut cultivars with varying combinations of different fatty acids, high or low oil content and fresh seed dormancy.