Water is fundamental to sustain ecosystem functions in drylands, which cover 40% of the terrestrial land surface and support more than 2 billion people. In these water-limited systems a tight coupling exists between water availability, ecosystem productivity, surface energy balance, and biogeochemical cycles. Both climatic (e.g., increase in aridity, recurrent droughts) and anthropogenic factors (e.g. agriculture, grazing, energy development) are increasingly affecting the dryland water dynamics. Further, it is essential to understand the consequences of hydrological changes on other ecosystem functions. We welcome submissions focusing on the ecohydrological processes/feedbacks in drylands, their quantification using novel methodologies, and their implications on a broad range of issues including land use change, water resources, desertification, and food-energy-water nexus.