North Atlantic changes in temperature and salinity over the past 65 years are driven by external forcing and are underestimated by Earth system models

Sergey Molodtsov1, Irina Marinov2, Wilbert Weijer1, Derek DeSantis3, Alexandra K Jonko1, Milena Veneziani1 and Jian Lu4, (1)Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States, (2)University of Pennsylvania, Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Philadelphia, United States, (3)Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, United States, (4)Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States