V004
Dynamics and Atmospheric Impacts of the January 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Eruption

Session ID#: 161566

Session Description:
The explosive eruption of submarine Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai (HTHH) volcano (Tonga) in January 2022 captured the attention of the global scientific community with its towering eruption column, intense volcanic lightning storm, globally-propagating atmospheric waves, and extensive tsunamis that impacted the Kingdom of Tonga and regions further afield. It may rank as the most energetic volcanic explosion on Earth since the great 1883 eruption of Krakatau (Indonesia). The products of the 2022 HTHH eruption, and their potential atmospheric and climate impacts, appear enigmatic relative to previously observed eruptions of comparable magnitude in the modern era, and include relatively sulfur-poor gas emissions, a significant stratospheric aerosol veil, and an unprecedented perturbation of stratospheric water vapor. The eruption may thus represent a new paradigm for explosive, shallow submarine volcanic activity and provides new insights into the potential atmospheric and climate impacts of this style of volcanism. For this interdisciplinary session we invite contributions on diverse aspects of the HTHH eruption, including phreatomagmatic eruption dynamics and the associated volcanic hazards, plume modeling, satellite observations of the eruption and its products, volcanic lightning analysis, and model simulations or observations of its atmospheric impacts.
Co-Organized:
  • A - Atmospheric Sciences
Index Terms:

0370 Volcanic effects [ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE]
8409 Atmospheric effects [VOLCANOLOGY]
8427 Subaqueous volcanism [VOLCANOLOGY]
8488 Volcanic hazards and risks [VOLCANOLOGY]


Primary Convener:  Simon A Carn, Michigan Technological University, Department of Geological and Mining Engineering & Sciences, Houghton, MI, United States
Conveners:  Kristen E. Fauria, Vanderbilt University, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Nashville, TN, United States, Peter Richard Colarco, NASA GSFC, Greenbelt, United States and Larry G Mastin, US Geological Survey Cascades Volcano Observatory, Vancouver, WA, United States
 
Analysis and impact of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai Stratospheric Water Vapor Plume (1043584)
Mark R Schoeberl, Science and Technology Corporation, Boulder, CO, United States, Yi Wang, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, United States, Rei Ueyama, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, United States, Ghassan Taha, Universities Space Research Association, NASA/code 614, Greenbelt, MD, United States, Eric Jensen, NASA, Boulder, CO, United States and Wandi Yu, Texas A & M University College Station, College Station, TX, United States
 
Magnetic Signatures of the January 15 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai Volcanic Eruption (1050511)
Neesha R Schnepf, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Boulder, CO, United States, Takuto Minami, Kobe University, Department of Planetology, Kobe, Japan, Hiroaki Toh, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan and Manoj C Nair, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
 
The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai hydration of the stratosphere (Invited) (1052450)
Luis F Millan Valle1, Michelle L Santee1, Alyn Lambert2, Nathaniel J Livesey1, Frank Werner2, Michael Schwartz2, Hugh C Pumphrey3, Gloria L Manney4, Yuan Wang5, Hui Su2, Longtao Wu2, William G Read2 and Lucien Froidevaux2, (1)NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, (2)NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States, (3)University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, (4)NorthWest Research Associates, Inc, Socorro, NM, United States, (5)California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, United States
 
Coupled Aerosol-Chemistry Simulations of the January 2022 Eruptions of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai in the NASA GEOS Earth System Model (1056811)
Peter Richard Colarco1, Luke Oman2, Qing Liang3, Stephen D Steenrod2,4, Michael Manyin1,5, Nickolay Anatoly Krotkov1, Can Li6,7, William Putman8, Ghassan Taha1,9, Parker Alexander Case10, Valentina Aquila11, Simon A Carn12 and Paul A Newman13, (1)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, United States, (2)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (3)NASA GSFC, Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamic Laboratory, Code 614, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (4)NASA GSFC/USRA GESTAR, Greenbelt, United States, (5)Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD, United States, (6)Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, United States, (7)NASA GSFC, Greenbelt, United States, (8)NASA GSFC, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (9)Morgan State University, Baltimore, United States, (10)University of Colorado at Boulder, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Boulder, United States, (11)American University, Department of Environmental Science, Washington, United States, (12)Michigan Technological University, Department of Geological and Mining Engineering & Sciences, Houghton, MI, United States, (13)NASA GSFC, Code 610, Greenbelt, MD, United States
 
Forward and Inverse Modeling of Fresh Volcanic Clouds (1060690)
Georgiy L Stenchikov1, Alexander Ukhov1, Sergey Osipov1, Nickolay Anatoly Krotkov2 and Nick Gorkavyi3, (1)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, (2)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, United States, (3)SSAI, Lanham, MD, United States
 
2022 Hunga-Tonga eruption: stratospheric aerosol evolution in a water-rich plume (Invited) (1069232)
Yunqian Zhu1, Charles Bardeen2, Simone Tilmes3, Michael J Mills3, Xinyue Wang4, Lynn Harvey5, Ghassan Taha6, Douglas Edward Kinnison7, Pengfei Yu8, Karen Hepler Rosenlof9, Melody A Avery10, Corinna Kloss11, Can Li12, Anne Sasha Glanville4, Luis Millan13, Terry Deshler14, Robert W Portmann15, Nickolay Anatoly Krotkov16 and Owen B Toon17, (1)University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States, (2)National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States, (3)National Center for Atmospheric Research, Atmospheric Chemistry, Observations, and Modeling Laboratory, Boulder, CO, United States, (4)National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, United States, (5)Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Boulder, CO, United States, (6)Universities Space Research Association, NASA/code 614, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (7)NCAR, Boulder, CO, United States, (8)CIRES, Boulder, CO, United States, (9)NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Boulder, United States, (10)NASA Langley Research Ctr, Hampton, VA, United States, (11)LPC2E/CNRS, Orléans, France, (12)Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, United States, (13)JPL, Pasadena, CA, United States, (14)University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States, (15)NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Boulder, CO, United States, (16)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, United States, (17)Univ Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
 
Timelines of plume characteristics of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption sequence from 19 December 2021 to 16 January 2022: Himawari-8 observations (1069873)
Ashok Kumar Gupta, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, Ralf Bennartz, Vanderbilt University, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Nashville, United States; University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, United States, Kristen E. Fauria, Vanderbilt University, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Nashville, TN, United States and Tushar Mittal, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, MA, United States; Pennsylvania State University Main Campus, Department of Geosciences, University Park, United States
 
Stratospheric temperature and circulation impacts of the Hunga-Tonga Eruption (1070473)
Xinyue Wang, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Advanced Study Program, Boulder, CO, United States, William John Randel, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States, Simone Tilmes, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Atmospheric Chemistry, Observations, and Modeling Laboratory, Boulder, CO, United States and Yunqian Zhu, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
 
Mapping the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai Volcanic Cloud with Satellite Observations of Backscattered Ultraviolet (BUV) Radiation below 300 nm (1083698)
David P Haffner1,2, Nickolay Anatoly Krotkov3, Robert J D Spurr4, Eun-Su Yang1,2, Omar Torres2, Pawan K Bhartia2, Can Li2,5, Changwoo Ahn1,2, Joanna Joiner2, Diego G Loyola6 and Matt Christi7, (1)Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD, United States, (2)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (3)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, United States, (4)RT Solutions, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States, (5)Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, United States, (6)German Aerospace Center (DLR), Remote Sensing Technology Institute (IMF), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, (7)Fort Collins, CO, United States
 
Monitoring the 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Aerosol Cloud Using Space-Based Observations (1089388)
Ghassan Taha, Morgan State University, Baltimore, United States; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, United States, Robert Paul Loughman, Ctr Atmospheric Sciences, Hampton, VA, United States, Peter Richard Colarco, NASA GSFC, Greenbelt, United States, Tong Zhu, Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, United States, Glen R Jaross, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States and Larry Willis Thomason, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, United States
 
Balloon-based SO2 measurements of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption plume (1098687)
Paul J. Walter1, Sergio Luiz Alvarez2, James Flynn2, Jerome F Brioude3, Stephanie Evan3, Jean-Marc Metzger3, Alexandre Baron3, Valentin Duflot3, Payen Guillaume4, Elizabeth Asher5,6, Michael Todt5,6, Karen Hepler Rosenlof6, Troy D Thornberry6 and Ru-Shan Gao6, (1)St. Edward's University, School of Natural Sciences, Austin, TX, United States, (2)University of Houston, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Houston, TX, United States, (3)CNRS / Université de La Réunion / Météo-France, Laboratoire de l'Atmosphere et des Cyclones (LACy), Saint-Denis, Reunion, (4)CNRS / Université de La Réunion / Météo-France, Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, Reunion, (5)Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States, (6)NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, United States
 
Hunga Tonga volcanic eruption triggered meteotsunami in the north Indian Ocean. (1100758)
N Anup1, V Vijith1, B Rohith2, Sreeraj Puthiyadath3, L Rose4, Sabu Arjun1, Sudeep Kumar B L5, KS Krishnamohan6, Sunil S. A.7 and Poikayil S Sunil7, (1)Department of Physical Oceanography, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, India, (2)Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR5566-LEGOS, Toulouse, France, (3)Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, India, (4)Indian National Center for Ocean Information Services, Hyderabad, India, (5)India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, India, (6)School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, India, (7)Department of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India
 
Hybrid Lagrangian modelling of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai (HTHH) Eruption in ABL using meteorological data from mid-week of January 2022 (1121441)
Sarbojeet Bhowmick1,2, David Sládek Lt.3, Josef Vojtěch Dr.1, Lada Altmannová1 and Radek Velc1, (1)CESNET, Optical Networks, Prague, Czech Republic, (2)Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, (3)Faculty of Military Technology, University of Defence, Brno, Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
 
Injection of unprecedented amounts of water vapor into the stratosphere by the eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai (1137486)
Holger Voemel, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States, Stephanie Evan, CNRS / Université de La Réunion / Météo-France, Laboratoire de l'Atmosphere et des Cyclones (LACy), Saint-Denis, Reunion and Matthew B Tully, Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
 
Initial evolution of 15 January Tonga volcanic plume inferred from COSMIC-2 RO measurements (1143500)
Saginela Ravindra Babu, National Central University, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan and Neng-Huei Lin, National Central University, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Taoyuan, Taiwan
 
Stratospheric Impact from a Water-rich Volcanic Eruption like the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Eruption in January 2022: Modelled Ozone Sensitivity to Injected SO2 and Water Vapor (1151501)
Freja F Oesterstroem, J. Eric Klobas and David M Wilmouth, Harvard University, Harvard John A Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, United States
 
Eruption sequence of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano from back-projection analysis of teleseismic P waves (1151591)
Kazunori Yoshizawa, Hokkaido University, Dept of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sapporo, Japan and Kotaro Tarumi, Hokkaido University, Dept Natural History Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Sapporo, Japan
 
Modeling the composition and particle size distribution of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai ash plume using thermal infrared spectroscopy (1154382)
Daniel Williams1, James Oliver Thompson2,3 and Michael S Ramsey1, (1)University of Pittsburgh, Department of Geology and Environmental Science, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, (2)University of Pittsburgh, Department of Geology and Environmental Science, Pittsburgh, United States, (3)Baylor University, Department of Geosciences, Waco, United States
 
Dynamics of the January 2022 eruption of Hunga volcano revealed through a combined data set of volcanic lightning (1157048)
Sonja A Behnke, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States, Alexa R Van Eaton, USGS Cascades Volcano Observatory, Vancouver, WA, United States, Chris Vagasky, Vaisala Inc., Louisville, CO, United States, Christopher J Schultz, NASA Marshall Space Flght Ctr, Huntsville, AL, United States and Jeff Lapierre, Earth Networks Inc., Germantown, United States
 
Did the Eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai Produce the Greatest Concentration of Lightning Ever Detected? (1157649)
Chris Vagasky and Ryan Said, Vaisala Inc., Louisville, CO, United States
 
SAGE III/ISS Observations of Stratospheric Impacts from the 2022 Tonga Eruption (1164275)
Kevin Leavor1, David E Flittner2, Mary Cate McKee3, Robert Damadeo2 and Robert Manion4, (1)Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD, United States, (2)NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, United States, (3)SSAI, Hampton, United States, (4)Science Systems and Applications, Inc. Hampton, Hampton, VA, United States
 
Caribbean Tsunami Observed Via GNSS-Derived Ionospheric Disturbances After the January 15, 2022 Tonga Eruption (1177384)
Jessica N Ghent and Brendan Crowell, University of Washington, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Seattle, WA, United States
 
Supersonic Ascent in the Hunga Tonga Hunga H’Apai Eruption to Account for Traversal of the Stratosphere (1177956)
Earle R Williams, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cambridge, MA, United States, Stephen R McNutt, Univ South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States and Frank J Spera, University of California, Department of Earth Science, Santa Barbara, United States
 
The 15 January 2022 Hunga Tonga eruption scenario and chronology as derived from the ionosphere (1182649)
Elvira Astafyeva, Université Paris Cité, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, Paris, France, Boris Maletckii, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Paris, France, Dylan Mikesell, Boise State University, Department of Geosciences, Boise, United States, Lucie Rolland, GeoAzur, Valbonne, France, Edhah Munaibari, Géoazur - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, France, Michela Ravanelli, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy, Pierdavide Coïsson, Université Paris Cité, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS, Paris, France and Fabio Manta, Earth Observatory of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
 
Episodic magma hammer forces causing the recent cataclysmic Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption (1185737)
Yingcai Zheng, University of Houston, Earth and Atmospherical Sciences Dept, Houston, TX, United States, Hao Hu, University of Houston, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Houston, United States, Frank J Spera, University of California, Department of Earth Science, Santa Barbara, United States, Melissa A Scruggs, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, United States, Glenn Thompson, University of South Florida Tampa, School of Geosciences, Tampa, FL, United States, Yuesu Jin, University of Houston, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Houston, TX, United States, Thomas J Lapen, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States, Stephen R McNutt, Univ South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States, Kyle T Mandli, Columbia University, Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, New York, United States, Zhigang Peng, Georgia Institute of Technology, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United States and David A Yuen, Columbia University, Dept. of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, New York, United States
 
Modest Volcanic SO2 Emissions During the 2021-2022 Hunga Tonga – Hunga Ha'apai Eruptions (1188512)
Simon A Carn, Michigan Technological University, Department of Geological and Mining Engineering & Sciences, Houghton, MI, United States, Nickolay Anatoly Krotkov, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, United States, Bradford L Fisher, SSAI, Greenbelt, United States and Can Li, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, United States
 
Detection of Air Temperature and Wind Changes Synchronized With of Lamb Wave from the 2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption and Estimate of Total Transported Energy (1196805)
Shingo Watada and Yuichi Imanishi, Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan